Towards Red Emissive Systems Based on Carbon Dots

Carbon dots (C-dots) represent an emerging class of nontoxic nanoemitters that show excitation wavelength-dependent photoluminescence (PL) with high quantum yield (QY) and minimal photobleaching. The vast majority studies focus on C-dots exhibit the strongest PL emissions in blue/green region spectrum, while longer wavelength are ideal for applications such as bioimaging, photothermal photodynamic therapy light-emitting diodes. Effective strategies to modulate emission C-dot-based systems towards red end spectrum rely extensive conjugation sp2 domains, heteroatom doping, solvatochromism, surface functionalization passivation. Those approaches systematically presented this review, emphasis is given important red-emissive suspensions, nanopowders polymer nanocomposites.